A wave front will appear plane if it is a small part of a spherical or a cylindrical wave front I originating from a distant source. Lord Rayleigh, in the 19th century, found a criterion to determine the discernible sources of two light sources near each other. In the longitudinal wave motion, the particles of the medium vibrate along the direction of propagation of the wave. CBSE Class 12 Physics Centre of Mass Advanced Assignment. Places, where the waves are out of step destructive interference, occurs as reflected light is cancelled. This is known as Malus law. /Type /XObject Huygens-Fresnel Principle defines that every point is a wavelets source on a wavefront. According to special theory of relativity, $\frac{\text{v }\!\! Polaroids are also used in 3-D motion pictures are in optical stress analysis. Polaroids are used in making wind shields of automobiles, sun glasses etc. This shows that frequency remains identical as light moves from one medium to a new one. Newton assumed that the changes produced due to propagation of sound in gases are isothermal which implied that a compressed layer of air at higher temperature loses heat immediately to the surroundings and a rarefied layer of air at lower temperature gains heat from the surroundings immediately so that temperature of air remains constant. Also, the marking scheme and answer key for each paper is available. of microscope$=\frac{2\mu \sin \theta }{\lambda }$, R.P of telescope $\text{=}\frac{\text{1}}{\text{d }\!\!\theta\!\!\text{ }}\text{=}\frac{\text{D}}{\text{1}\text{.22 }\!\!\lambda\!\!\text{ }}$. Width of one fringe is $\text{ }\!\!\beta\!\!\text{ = }\frac{\text{ }\!\!\lambda\!\!\text{ D}}{\text{d}}$ and angular fringe width $\text{ }\!\!\theta\!\!\text{ = }\frac{\text{ }\!\!\lambda\!\!\text{ }}{\text{d}}$, If the YDSE setup is taken in one medium then changes into another, so $\beta $ changes. Here we have given NCERT Class 9 Science Notes Chapter 12 Sound. acts like a circular aperture. The vibrant interplay of colours originating can explain interference of light. Two-point sources are considered distinguishable if the centre of the diffraction pattern overlapped by the first has a minimum of 2 different diffraction patterns. Tranverse wave motion is the wave motion in which the particles of the medium vibrate at right angles to the direction of propagation of wave. If two or more than two waves superimpose each other at a common particle of the medium then the resultant displacement \[\left( \text{y} \right)\] of the particle is equal to the vector sum of the displacements (\[{{\text{y}}_{\text{1}}}\] and \[~{{\text{y}}_{\text{2}}}\] ) produced by individual waves .i.e $\overrightarrow{\text{y}}\text{=}\overrightarrow{{{\text{y}}_{\text{1}}}}\text{+}\overrightarrow{{{\text{y}}_{\text{2}}}}$, 3.2. Wave Motion Physics Class 12 Th Notes Formula booklet physics class 12 chapter Wave Motion . ( [/ ` P 7_ Here, we see B has spread over a radius hemisphere that gives BD = AC = ct. This model explained the causes of reflection and refraction. Fringe shift $\text{= }\frac{\text{D}}{\text{d}}\left( \text{ }\!\!\mu\!\!\text{ -1} \right)\text{t = }\frac{\text{ }\!\!\beta\!\!\text{ }}{\text{ }\!\!\lambda\!\!\text{ }}\left( \text{ }\!\!\mu\!\!\text{ -1} \right)\text{t}$, $\Rightarrow $ Additional path difference $=\left( \mu -1 \right)t$, $\Rightarrow $If the shift is equivalent to $\text{n}$fringes, then $\text{n=}\frac{\left( \text{ }\!\!\mu\!\!\text{ -1} \right)\text{t}}{\text{ }\!\!\lambda\!\!\text{ }}$ or $\text{t=}\frac{\text{n }\!\!\lambda\!\!\text{ }}{\left( \text{ }\!\!\mu\!\!\text{ -1} \right)}$, $\Rightarrow $Fringe shift is independent of the order of fringe (i.e shift of zero order maxima = shift of ${{\text{n}}^{\text{th}}}$ order maxima). Diffraction of light limits the ability of optical instruments to form clear images of objects when they are close to each other. So, we can neglect broadening of beam due to diffraction up to distances as large as a few meters, i.e., we can assume that light travels along straight lines and ray optics can be taken as a limiting case of wave optics. These notes are made properly covering each and every topics in a proper arranged . During a wave motion, energy is . (iv) Position of ${{n}^{th}}$ bright fringe from central maxima ${{x}_{n}}=\frac{n\lambda D}{d}=n\beta ;n=0,1,2,..$, (v) Position of ${{n}^{th}}$dark fringe from central maxima ${{x}_{n}}=\frac{\left( 2n-1 \right)\lambda D}{2d}=\frac{\left( 2n-1 \right)\beta }{2};n=1,2,3,..$, (vi) In YDSE, if ${{n}_{1}}$ fringes are visible in a field of view with light of wavelength ${{\lambda }_{1}}$ , while ${{n}_{2}}$ with light of wavelength ${{\lambda }_{2}}$ in the same field, then ${{\text{n}}_{\text{1}}}{{\text{ }\!\!\lambda\!\!\text{ }}_{\text{1}}}\text{=}{{\text{n}}_{\text{2}}}{{\text{ }\!\!\lambda\!\!\text{ }}_{\text{2}}}$. The intensity plot looks as follows, with there being a bright central maximum, followed by smaller intensity secondary maxima, with there being points of zero intensity in between, whenever. The minima will not be completely dark if the slit widths are unequal. The locus of all the particles of medium, which at any instant are vibrating in the same phase, is called the wave front. As the vibrations may not start from the origin, it gives rise to a phase difference which may be a fraction of wave length , time period T or angle 2 by which a wave may be out of step from the wave starting from, The general equation for a progressive wave travelling in the positive x direction is given by, The sound waves travel in air or in gaseous media as longitudinal waves. Video Lectures. So, the Central fringe will always be bright. Download File PDF Wave Motion Physics Class 12 Th Notesbooks and textbooks, as well as extensive lecture notes, are available. It moves along forward direction of a wavefront. Time Difference (T.D): Time difference between the waves meeting at a point is given by T.D $\text{= }\frac{\text{T}}{\text{2 }\!\!\pi\!\!\text{ }}\times \phi $. '\!\!\text{ =v}\left( \text{1+}\frac{\text{v}}{\text{c}} \right)$ and, $\text{ }\!\!\lambda\!\!\text{ }\!\! The angular spreading of a light source which has a diameter D can also be found from this formula. In this context, on the occasion of Tourism Day, CBSE announces the 2nd Expression Series for the academic session 2022-23 on the, As you are aware that the country comes together to celebrate Azadi ka Amrit Mahotsav to commemorate 75 years of Indias Independence, the Ministry of Information & Broadcasting, Govt. The vibrations of a stretched string and the electromagnetic light waves are the examples of tranverse waves. Download Matriculation & Intermediate (Part-I & Part-II) all subjects complete chapter mqcs collection in PDF. Class 12 Physics Chapter 10 Notes: Laws to Support Wavelength Properties, The following topics have been covered in detail in the, Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devises and Simple Circuits, Class 12 Physics Revision Notes - Electric Charges and Fields, Class 12 Physics Revision Notes - Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance, Class 12 Physics Revision Notes - Current Electricity, Class 12 Physics Revision Notes - Moving Charges and Magnetism, Class 12 Physics Revision Notes - Magnetism And Matter, Class 12 Physics Revision Notes - Electromagnetic Induction, Class 12 Physics Revision Notes - Alternating Current, Class 12 Physics Revision Notes - Electromagnetic Waves, Class 12 Physics Revision Notes - Ray Optics and Optical Instruments, Class 12 Physics Revision Notes - Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter, Class 12 Physics Revision Notes - Semiconductor Electronic: Material, Devices And Simple Circuits, Class 12 Physics Revision Notes - Communication Systems, Previous Year Question Papers CBSE Class 12, Previous Year Paper for Class 12 Chemistry, CBSE Previous Year Question Paper for Class 10, CBSE Previous Year Question Paper for Class 12. %PDF-1.4 It can also be described as a thin film of ultramicroscopic crystals of quinine iodo sulphate which has its optic axis parallel to each other. Free Sample Papers with solutions for Class 12 Physics,, Download past year Question Papers for Class 12 Physics as per CBSE NCERT KVS syllabus with solutions in pdf free, Download Printable Worksheets, test papers for Class 12 Physics with questions answers for all topics and chapters as per CBSE, NCERT, KVS sylabus, Free CBSE Class 12 Physics Online Mock Test with important multiple choice questions as per CBSE syllabus, Click here to download NCERT Solutions for questions of Class 12 Physics NCERT Book. ${{\text{Z}}_{\text{F}}}\text{ = }\frac{{{\text{a}}^{\text{2}}}}{\text{ }\!\!\lambda\!\!\text{ }}$. What are the topics covered in class 12 Physics Chapter 10 wave optics? 4) 10th Physics Notes (EM) electrolysis ). The mechanical waves are governed by all the Newton's laws of motion. ( [/ ` P 7_ Particles vibrate about their mean position when disturbance is produced in medium b. of India has launched Azadi Quest, a series of online games to engage citizens, The Rashtriya Ekta Divas (National Unity Day) is observed on 31st October every year tocommemorate the birth anniversary of Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel. 6.2 Write progressive wave in mathematical form. 6. /Height 101 The sources have the same frequency but no stable phase difference. Download Allen kota Physics handwritten Notes for IITJEE | Vector Algebra, Calculus, Kinematics, RelativeVelocity, Laws of Motion, Friction | PDF 4. Wave Motion, and Its Applications, , Ee, , INTRODUCTION, IN, , Wave motion is Special kind of motion in which there is not any transportation of material, bodies, but only transfer of energy takes place in such motion. Live Sessions. 6) Equation of a Progressive Wave The equation of a plane progressive wave can be represented as a wave motion in which the wave progresses along the x direction and the particles of the medium vibrate to and fro about their mean position as a function of time. Please refer to the examination notes which you can use for preparing and revising for exams. Also $\mu =\tan {{\theta }_{p}}$ --- Brewsters law, i. Mechanical Wave. (i) Light waves are electromagnetic waves which do not require a material medium for their propagation. download pdf ebook or read online. Mechanical Wave 1. Limit of resolution of the instrument is the minimum distance between two objects which can be seen separately by the object instrument. When a beam of unpolarised light is reflected from a transparent medium (having refractive index$=\mu $ ), the reflected light will be completely plane polarised at a certain angle of incidence (called the angle of polarisation${{\theta }_{p}}$ ). The equation to determine this is: Here, radian is the wavelength of light, symbolises angle of objects and D shows aperture diameter. /CA 1.0 Students should also download free pdf of Chapter wise Notes for Class 12 Physics prepared by school teachers as per the latest NCERT, CBSE, KVS books and syllabus issued this year and also download free worksheets and question papers available here to get higher scores in school exams and tests, also click here for more Study Material for Class 12 Physics, Download Worksheets for Class 12 Physics made for all important topics and is available for free download in pdf, chapter wise assignments or booklet with, Watch latest Videos and free tutorials for CBSE Class 12 Physics with important concepts for all topics and chapters and also NCERT solutions as per CBSE and, Access latest VBQ, Value Based Questions for Class 12 Physics as per CBSE and NCERT syllabus. 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