(b) tortoise Some algal forms are also found in moist habitats like wet rocks and soil, tree trunks, etc. (d) Bulbil (b) Embryo development (c) 20 years (b) Eyes Answer: (d) All of these, Question 28. The cell wall structure of gram negative bacteria is more complex than gram positive bacterial cell wall and incapable of binding with gram stain. (c) both (a) and (b), Question 22. Select the monocarpic plant out of the following. Advantages (a) birds and reptiles, Question 58. Greenwood, Michael. (b) homothallic Answer: Also Read: Kingdom Monera, Protista and Fungi. It alternates with the short lived multicellular sporophyte totally, partially or dependent on the gametophyte for its anchorage and nutrition. (a) Bud copyright 2003-2022 Study.com. (b) Reproduction (a) proper embryonic care and protection is absent They are found in most of the habitats on earth like soil, water and inside or outside of large organisms. News-Medical. a. asexual reproduction only Bacteria are in the kingdom Monera. Archaebacteria:Archaebacteria are simple in their organization. Kingdom Plantae Examples, Characteristics, Organisms & Facts | What are Multicellular Kingdom Plantae? They are found in most of the habitats on earth like soil, water and inside or outside of large organisms. (ii) In this system several related families are separated and unrelated families are put together. (e) Photosynthetic Pigments and Colour These include chlorophyll-4, c and carotenoids. The cell wall contains cellulose. Vascular Tissues It is the system based on the evidences from chemical constituents (enzymes, hormones, proteins, amino acids, etc. It contains an antheridium. (c) 95 In brown algae, mannitol and laminarin are the main reserve food material, whereas in red algae floridean starch is the reserve food material. The female gametophytes in these plants is retained on the parent sporophytes for viable periods. Ferns are in the kingdom Plantae, and fungus is in the kingdom Fungi. Bryophytes include the various mosses and liverworts. In a paper by Hibbett et al. They help in conduction of food materials. It occurs by a number of accessory spores, such as zoospores aplanospores, akinetes, carpospores, etc. (a) Bamboo However, surface conduction through capillarity is an important mechanism of water supply to aerial parts. Habitat Eubacteria exhibit a variety of shapes and arrangements. (iv) Absence of mechanical tissue. In haplontic life cycle, there is a single somatic phase, which is haploid. (b) Cell Organisation These are unicellular, colonial, coenocytic and multicellular forms. They consist of upright, slender axes bearing spirally arranged leaves. A classification of living organisms. iii. Algae are divided into various classes based on pigmentation, stored food and flagellation. The gemmae become detached from the parent body and germinate, forming new individuals. Microsporophylls or Male Sex Organs Answer: Jawless Craniates: Class Myxini & Class Petromyzontida, High School Chemistry: Homework Help Resource, Glencoe Earth Science: Online Textbook Help, SAT Subject Test Biology: Tutoring Solution, Holt McDougal Biology: Online Textbook Help, ORELA General Science: Practice & Study Guide, MTTC Biology (017): Practice & Study Guide, NES General Science (311): Practice & Study Guide, ScienceFusion The Diversity of Living Things: Online Textbook Help, ScienceFusion The Human Body: Online Textbook Help, Prentice Hall Biology: Online Textbook Help, FTCE Middle Grades General Science 5-9 (004) Prep, CSET Science Subtest II Earth and Space Sciences (219): Test Prep & Study Guide, ILTS Science - Earth and Space Science (108): Test Practice and Study Guide, Create an account to start this course today. * Funori an adhesive phycocolloid is obtained from red alga Gloiopeltis. Snow dweling forms are called cryophytes, e.g., Chlamydomonas nivalis, Scotiella, etc. It is a creeping, green, branched and frequently filamentous stage; the second stage is the leafy stage which develops from the secondary protonema as a lateral bud. Archegonia They belong to the kingdom Monera and are classified as bacteria because they resemble bacteria when observed under a microscope. 2. These plant are sporophytic, in the form of herbs, shrubs, trees, climber creepers, etc. 18 Apr. "What are Fungi?". A diploid parent plant body produces ________ gametes and a haploid parent plant body produces ________ gametes. Question 1. Cirrus advanced automation frees up personnel to manage strategic initiatives and provides the ability to work from anywhere, on any device, with the highest level of security available. Lesson 21 Reproduction and Population Control Part 01. More info. (c) Fruit fly < Crocodile < Parrot < Banyan tree, Question 34. * Vegetative Reproduction It occurs by fragmentation and by budding in the secondary protonema from exposed rhizoids and other parts (like gemmae, buds and tubers). (c) being polycarpic The haploid phase is either microscopic or represented by gametes only (e.g., Fucus). (iii) It does not demonstrate natural and phylogenetic relationships. (ii) They considered mainly the vegetative characters or the androecium characters as given by linnaeus. (d) Whale, Mouse (a) Habitat Most of the red algae are marine with greater concentrations found in the warmer areas. The multicellular female gametophyte is also retained within megasporangium. The dominant photosynthetic phase is a gametophyte produced by haploid spores. Question 56. The ovule gradually transforms into a seed and the ovary becomes the fruit. They contain 70S ribosomes. (v) Rhizomes and petioles of Dryopteris are used to produce anthelmintic drug. The wall of the ovary forms (c) A piece of ginger rhizome * Vegetative reproduction occurs through cell division (unicellular forms), fragmentation, stolons, tubers, storage cells, etc. (e) Life Cycle It can be haplontic, diplontic and diplohaplontic. NCERT Solutions for Class 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12. The five kingdoms classification involves Kingdom Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia. The kingdoms defined by him were named Monera, protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia. The polar : nuclei eventually fuses and forms diploid secondary nucleus. Monera Kingdom Lesson for Kids: Characteristics & Facts, Eukaryotic Cells & Characteristics | Domain Eukarya. (a) eggs Lesson : 2 The Kingdom Monera, Protoctista and Fungi (634 KB) 2. However, given the soft body of fungi, fossils are rare, and thus it is difficult to establish their true ancestry, though fossilized spores embedded in plant or animal fossils can be found and studied using microscopy techniques such as scanning electron microscopy. Answer: Embryo and Life Cycle (a) the habitat and morphology of the organism (b) A middle piece of sugarcane internode, Question 49. (a) nodes are shorter than intemodes Artificial methods Natural methods Phloem contains sieve tubes and companion cells in regard to gymnosperms which do not have companion cells. (a) pericarp Fungus-Like Protists: Characteristics, Types & Examples. The antherozoids are released into water where they come in contact with archegonium. Plus, get practice tests, quizzes, and personalized coaching to help you Learn more about the Animalia Kingdom's characteristics, such as multicellular, heterotrophic, and eukaryotic, and other interesting facts. Answer: Phylum Cnidaria: The term cnidaria is derived from the Greek word cnidos, which means stinging thread.These organisms are distinguished by the existence of cnidae. (a) 380 Aristotle is known as father of Zoology. The Basidiomycota (club fungi) bear large swollen nodules at the terminal end of their hyphae that act as their reproductive organs, often seen as mushrooms. Disadvantages The male gametes of rice plant have 12 chromosomes in their nucleus. The male produced is non-flagellated, called as spermatium. Each cell of an embryo sac is haploid: (b) perennial plants, Question 24. (d) none of these. (a) X (c) Cell Organisation All members are multicellular. (d) 50 years. (d) 760 (iii) These also add beauty to our environment as well. Angiosperms have vessels in xylem. (accessed November 08, 2022). Answer: Archaebacteria:Archaebacteria are found in extreme environments. In this type, there are two distinct multicellular phases, diploid sporophyte and haploid gametophyte are present. Asexual reproduction usually occurs in fungal mycelium via mycelial fragmentation, allowing large clonal populations adapted to a specific role to rapidly disperse. Whittaker proposed an elaborate five kingdom classification Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia. What is the Difference Between Transportation and What is the Difference Between Infiltration and What is the Difference Between Listeria and What is the Difference Between Reticulocyte and What is the Difference Between Penicillin G and What is the Difference Between Acrylic and Gel Nails, What is the Difference Between Transportation and Translocation, What is the Difference Between Infiltration and Percolation, What is the Difference Between Fabaceae Solanaceae and Liliaceae, What is the Difference Between Listeria and Salmonella, What is the Difference Between Reticulocyte and Erythrocyte. (a) cows and sheep Pyrenoids contain protein besides starch. (male and female) formative and responsible for the sexual reproduction. Question 35. Flowers are the reproductive structures formed by the union of one or both types of sporophylls (microsporophylls or stamens and megasporophylls or carpels). It can be through fragmentation, fission, Kingdom Monera is further divided into a) Archaebacteria- The most simple and primitive form of bacteria that can survive in extreme conditions. ii. (d) ephemeral plants. (d) both (a) and (b). It's hard to imagine that a sponge attached to a rock and a lion are in the same kingdom, but they share certain characteristics that land them together. Archaea By Kaden11a Own work (CC BY-SA 4.0) via Commons Wikimedia2. (a) Banyan tree Question 18. (b) sexual reproduction in plants 1. in Chlamydomonas and Ulothrix) or modified vegetative cells (e.g. (i) This is not helpful in plant identification. Hence, they are called ancient bacteria. It also has antitumour properties. Unlike gymnosperms where the ovules are naked, in angiosperms the sporophyll are organised into flowers and the seeds are produced inside fruits. (d) Elephant Clones are individuals that have exactly the same Sexual reproduction in Fucus, Volvox, and Albugo is oogamous; The sporophyte in liverworts is more elaborate than that in mosses; Both, Pinus and Marchantia are dioecious Monera Kingdom Monera exclusively includes all forms of bacteria. Cocci and bacilli are the major shapes. (h) Reproduction Vegetative reproduction occurs through fragmentation (e.g., Sargassum), adventitious branches and stolons (e.g, Dictyota). (b) Chrysanthemum and Agave (c) both (a) and (b) Deposition of calcareous shell around zygote occurs in Asexual reproduction occurs by non-motile spores (carpospores, monospores, tetraspores and neutral spores). R.H. Whittaker proposed the five-kingdom classification in 1969. Answer: (d) Both (a) and (c), Question 60. In many algae, cell wall contains pits. (c) 20, Question 9. Which of the following has the longest life span? Plant Body In addition to Protista, Plantae and Animalia, the four kingdom classification system included Monera. The female sex organ is called carpogonium. Answer: (d) monoecious main basis of classification. They not only protect the seed but also help in their dispersal. Web. (b) Rhizoids These are long, multicellular branched structures with oblique septa. Classification of Gymnosperms The members of Chlorophyceae are commonly called green algae. Reference: Esko, Jeffrey D. Eubacteria and Archaea. Essentials of Glycobiology. (c) biennial plants (d) All of these. Some eubacteria are involved in the nitrogen cycle as well. Fertilisation cannot occur in absence of surface water in Before we delve into the Animalia Kingdom, let's briefly look at the other kingdoms so you have a basis for comparison. Each stamen has two main parts, i.e., a slender filament with an anther (at the tip). Antheridium is not present. (c) it rapidly multiplies the population Fungi produce a chemical called pheromone which leads to sexual reproduction in fungi. For the suitability in studies various categorizations has been done in taxonomy. (d) none of these. 2017. Resin is distilled to obtain turpentine and resin. Union of gametes may take place in water or within the oogonium (oogamons species). These are also called amphibians of the plant kingdom because, these can live in soil but are * dependent on water for sexual reproduction. There are about 7000 species in this class. The male sex organs is called spermatogonium or antheridium. Economic Importance of Angiosperms * Sexual reproduction may be isogamous, anisogamous or oogamous. Protists Facts, Benefits & Importance | What do Protists do? (c) pollination, Question 11. Eubacteria: Eubacteria exhibit both glycolysis and Krebs cycle. Meiosis does not occur in (b) Budding Eubacteria: Eubacteria are found everywhere on earth. (c) parrot Fungi are incredibly diverse, with commonly encountered forms including yeast, molds, truffles, and mushrooms. (c) Reproduction This can occur both by vegetative and sexual means. They ranges in colour from olivt green to various shades of brown depending upon the amount of the xanthophyll pigment, fucoxanthin present in them. Each carpel has three parts {i.e., an ovary, style and stigma). 2021. Greenwood, Michael. (b) morphology of the organism Fusion of male gamete with the egg present in the archegonium result in the formation of zygote. What are Fungi?. Some species of fungus are sexed, and thus require a male and female to produce offspring (heterothallic), while others are homothallic, and are capable of sexual reproduction with themselves. (d) the organisms habitat, physiology and genetic makeup. Bryophytes do not attain great heights. (a) asexually reproducing diploid individuals, Question 6. (c) Cow, Crocodile (c) growth rate This system of classification is used by most of the well known Herbaria of the world. The number of chromosomes in the microspore mother cells of the same plant shall be (d) genetic makeup. They are: Kingdom Monera; Kingdom Protista; Kingdom Fungi (a) 20 Habitat (c) Binary fission 18 Apr. Liverworts (Hepaticopsida) usually grow in moist, shady places such as banks of streams, marshy ground, damp soil, bark of trees and deep in the woods. Economic Importance of Gymnosperms Artificial System of Classification Offsprings of oviparous animals are at greater risk of survival as compared to those of viviparous animals because The type of reproduction adopted by an organism depends on (a) the habitat and morphology of the organism (b) morphology of the organism Asexual reproduction is seen in members of Kingdom (a) Monera (b) Plantae (c) Animalia (d) * Asexual reproduction occurs by zoospores, aplanospores, hypnospores, akinetes and daughters colonies. Answer: Pollen grains after dispersal from the anthers are carried by various ways such as wind, water or by various other agencies to the stigma of the pistil. It is now easily carried out using computers based on all observable characteristics. Thermophiles live in hot water environments in acid sulfur springs. (a) Grafting Cutting Plant Kingdom CBSE Notes for Class 11 Biology CBSE NotesCBSE Notes Class 11 BiologyNCERT Solutions Biology 1.Basis of Classification and Algae, Bryophytes & Pteridophytes Our understanding of the plant kingdom has changed over time. These animals are multi-celled, heterotrophic eukaryotes with aerobic respiration, sexual reproduction and the ability to move. (c) Marsilea They are found in both well lighted regions close to the surface of water and also at great depths in oceans where relatively little light penetrates. The male gametes released from the antheridia and reach to the mouth of archegonium. Some have changed very little over time, like the horseshoe crab, which is almost identical to its relatives who lived 230 million years ago. It remains attached to the parent alga. (a) A piece of potato tuber with eyes (c) Fruit fly < Crocodile < Parrot < Banyan tree Which of the following cannot serve as a vegetative propagule? A protist (/ p r o t s t /) is any eukaryotic organism (that is, an organism whose cells contain a cell nucleus) that is not an animal, plant, or fungus.While it is likely that protists share a common ancestor (the last eukaryotic common ancestor), the exclusion of other eukaryotes means that protists do not form a natural group, or clade. If a leaf cell of Agave has x chromosomes then what will be the number of chromosomes in a cell of its bulbil? (d) it assists in evolution by producing variations. According to this system, there are five main kingdoms. Free PDF Download of CBSE Biology Multiple Choice Questions for Class 12 with Answers Chapter 1 Reproduction in Organisms. These organisms are considered to be true bacteria and are classified under the Bacteria domain. Question 32. (g) Flagellation These contain heterokont flagellation with one smooth (whiplash) and one tinsel flagella. (a) Plant Body The predominant stage of the life cycle of a moss is the gametophyte which consists of two stages the first stage is the protonema stage which develops directly from a spore. Eubacteria Overview & Examples | What is Eubacteria? In most ferns, prothallus is green and autotrophic. Read on to know more about Kingdom Plantae and different reproductive processes. Haploid spores are produced by this plant body by meiosis. (a) they grow indefinitely in size The studies with electron microscope made it clear that bacteria and related organisms have a different nuclear structure as compared to others. But, several species have some uses. Answer: Archaebacteria:Archaebacteria are three types: methanogens, halophiles and thermophiles. (b) haploid, diploid (iv) Pteropsida (Dryopteris, Pteris and Adiantum) Tap roots are present for proper anchorage to heavy plant. 's' : ''}}. Haplodiplontic These are the prokaryotes. The Bacteria domain used to continue directly down the tree into the single Monera kingdom. (a) Lifespan (b) Nucleus Archaebacteria are called ancient bacteria whereas the eubacteria are called true bacteria. i. Vegetative Reproduction Some cells are flat or square-shaped. Answer: (c) x/4 Gymnospermsfurther include three main classes Cycadopsida (cycads), Coniferopsida (conifers) and Gnetopsida (Gnetum). Cell wall is composed of cellulose, pectose and phycocolloids. (a) Regeneration Fungi and members of the Monera and Protista having cell walls have not been separated form Plantae, Structurally, eukaryotes possess a cell wall, which supports and protects the plasma membrane. (b) DNA of only one parent is copied and passed on to the offspring Classification of Algae Identify the given organism and find its maximum life span. (c) decreased immunity Answer: Archaebacteria are found in salt brines, ocean depths and hot springs. (a) cows and sheep, Question 27. Question 39. (a) bulbs Answer: (b) Y (a) It is usually biparental. * The red algae like Porphyra, Chondrus, Rhodymenia, Centerella and Bostrychia are used as food in various parts of the world. (b) 190, Question 10. Endosperm provides nourishment for growth of seedling at the time of seed germination. Sporophytic phase is the subsidiary phase which is diploid, heterotrophic and spore formative and responsible for the asexual reproduction. It is used in sizing textiles, paper and as glue. (b) Size They range from simple branched, filamentous forms (Ectocarpus) to profusely branched forms as represented by kelps. The giant red wood tree Sequoia is one of the forest tree upto 100 m. Species of Gnetum are woody climbers. These are attached to the substratum by unicellular or multicellular rhizoids. Male gamete reach the female gamete through a pollen tube. What is the difference between Archaebacteria and Eubacteria. * Oogamy In this process, the male gamete is motile, active, small and without reserve food. (c) 40 (c) Earthworm, sponge, leech. iii. What is Eubacteria Characteristics, Classification, Types, Examples 3. thinning paints, varnishes, etc., and resin is used Some algae may store food in the form of oil droplets also. (a) Monera Or a tiny creature with barbed tentacles that can reach out to attack its prey. (d) A marginal piece of Bryophyllum leaf Answer: It is essential to know about plants and their functions and characteristics. (a) Isogamy In this method, two morphologically similar gametes fuse to form a zygote, e.g., Spirogyra. Phycobilins are water soluble and are of two types, i.e., red-coloured phycoerythrin and blue-coloured phycocyanin. (c) Dahlia and rose (d) DNA of parent and offspring are completely different (d) all of these * Alginic acid is a phycocolloid obtained from a number of brown algae such as Alaria, Macrocystis, Ascophyllum, Laminaria. The kingdom-Plantae has been described under algae, bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms. Economic Importance of Red Algae Following fertilisation, zygote develops into an embryo and the ovules into seeds. One sperm fuses with an egg and produces a diploid zygote. Flagella serves as the locomotory organ. 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